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    August 16

    《罗马帝国衰亡史》—吉本自序

    《罗马帝国衰亡史》—吉本自序

     

    余择定主题,戳力以赴,容有不当之处,尚请见谅,然述史乃藏诸名山之事,绝不敢哗众取宠,哓哓不休[1],有渎诸君清听。值此《罗马帝国衰亡史》首卷出版之际,就余著述之构想,聊为数语。

     

    伟哉罗马,举世所誉,经此变革,虽毁犹荣,仅将千三百年之衰亡,区分三期以述之。

     

    其一起于图拉真至安东尼家族当政,帝国之势力与威望臻于鼎盛,难免日中则昃之危[2],覆灭西部帝国虽为日耳曼与西徐亚蛮族,亦为欧洲现代文明国家之先世,变

    局之剧烈直至罗马之权势为哥特之君王取代而后已,结束之期当为6世纪初叶。

     

    其二概述查士丁尼即位,明法教战,复兴东罗马帝国之基业;及于伦巴底人入侵意大利,阿拉伯人征服亚非两洲之行省,伊斯兰教之崛起与传播,君士坦丁堡之内忧外患,查理大帝建立日耳曼神圣罗马帝国,时为公元八百年左右。

     

    其三历时最长,达六个半世纪,首述西部帝国重建,迄君士坦丁堡失陷于土耳其人,堕落之王朝遭受绝灭之命运,语言与习俗承古代罗马之余荫,唯其统治仅限于一城耳,述史难免涉及十字军之盛衰,希腊帝国惨遭蹂躏之始末,且余出于癖好,不免爬梳中世纪罗马之前尘往事。

     

    余将首卷仓促付梓,差错在所难免,勉力完成开宗明义之前部,要将安东尼至西罗马帝国覆亡,做一完整之述著,必以第二卷不为功。后续各卷仅存奢望,成败不敢断言,欲照构想行事,治古代史与现代史为一体,则有待上苍厚爱,赐余多年之健康、闲暇与坚毅耳。

     

                                              爱德华·吉本述于伦敦本廷克街

                                                           177621



    [1] xiāo xiāoshout garrulously〗吵嚷;唠叨;

    [2] 语出《周易.丰》“日中则昃,月满则亏”【太阳到了正午就要偏西,月亮盈满就要亏缺。比喻事物发展到一定程度,就会向相反的方向转化】。

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